“Terris, vineis, olivetis…”: Wine and oil production after the villas

The production of wine and oil during post-villa occupation at a site deserves special attention as an indicator of continued exploitation of land, even if within a changed economic framework; continuity of diet and technical traditions; and a stable resident population. Scales of production can also give insights into secular and ecclesiastical demand for these products. This paper examines three case studies in Spain, France, and Italy